The Question of Religious Language

Let’s start with the classic Peanuts strip that ran at gocomics.com on Christmas day:

Linus at Christmas

Most of us, I think, would relate a bit more with Charlie Brown, who understands the Christmas story primarily through the main images of the gospels.  Linus, then, would be charged with unnecessarily complicating the Christmas story with issues of language and intertextuality.  On one side, you might have the average church-goer on Christmas day with the preaching pastor on the other.  Both are correct, of course.  But the strip also suggests some important things concerning communication and religious truth and what we can or cannot handle.

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One of our last assignments at school this last semester was to think through the assertions made by Jonathan Merritt in this New York Times essay about the decline in the use of particularly Christian/spiritual language.  Merritt’s argument is rooted in his own experience, moving from the Bible belt to a northern metropolitan area.  But it also led to working with the Barna group, which is no small thing.  From the article:

More than one-fifth of respondents admit they have not had a spiritual conversation at all in the past year. Six in 10 say they had a spiritual conversation only on rare occasions — either “once or twice” (29 percent) or “several times” (29 percent) in the past year. A paltry 7 percent of Americans say they talk about spiritual matters regularly.

But here’s the real shocker: Practicing Christians who attend church regularly aren’t faring much better. A mere 13 percent had a spiritual conversation around once a week.

For those who practice Christianity, such trends are confounding. It is a religion that has always produced progeny through the combination of spiritual speech and good deeds. Nearly every New Testament author speaks about the power of spiritual speech, and Jesus final command to his disciples was to go into the world and spread his teachings. You cannot be a Christian in a vacuum.

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Back in November, I mentioned a list of terms that I wanted to hover around for a while ruminate on, because they kept popping up in my mind or being evidenced in my interaction with others.  One of those words was “constraints.”  The term can easily apply to multiple dynamics in life.  If Merritt is right, one of those constraints involves our language . . . and by easy extension . . . our relationships and communities.  We are limited in vocabulary and by thought (because you need to be able to connect thoughts with words).  So Merritt is correct in asserting that we have a problem of rhetoric on our hands.  But it also reveals a loss in the grammar of the faith and shows a lack of thoughtfulness with the grammar we do have access to.  And that’s why we too often find ourselves with a faith vocabulary that involves the instrumentalization of others.

How do we navigate well between parish and program life in churches when we have lost the good practice of communicating Gospel truth well amongst ourselves?  How do we revive the language of real connection and community when it has been replaced with the institutional and instrumentalized?  How do we take self talk and shop talk and redeem them with soul talk?  How do we accomplish this task amongst ourselves, those walking in the faith, in a way that helps articulate what we know to those on the periphery?

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Perhaps we are entering a time where even Charlie’s “all I ever knew about was the stars and the sheep on the hillside” no longer communicates what we assume it does.  That’s a sobering thought.  But it’s also a thought we should entertain with hope, as it presents the opportunity of communicating well truths we too often take for granted.

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Chesterton and “the World’s Inn”

The season of Christmas continues for many even as others see it as three-days gone.  Here’s another Chesterton poem for the season from The Spirit of Christmas.  It’s an interesting thought, really, that places the Christ Child at a particular theological/historical moment (at least how I read it).  I also quite like the third stanza.  Chesterton’s “A Child of the Snows” as found at the American Chesterton Society:

There is heard a hymn when the panes are dim,
And never before or again,
When the nights are strong with a darkness long,
And the dark is alive with rain.

Never we know but in sleet and in snow,
The place where the great fires are,
That the midst of the earth is a raging mirth
And the heart of the earth a star.

And at night we win to the ancient inn
Where the child in the frost is furled,
We follow the feet where all souls meet
At the inn at the end of the world.

The gods lie dead where the leaves lie red,
For the flame of the sun is flown,
The gods lie cold where the leaves lie gold,
And a Child comes forth alone.

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Reflecting on John

SearchingToday many Christians around the world spent time reflecting on the life of John the Evangelist, the apostle who penned a gospel and three letters found in the New Testament.  John is a fascinating figure on multiple levels, particularly with what he “brings to the table” as the one non-synoptic gospel.

One of my favorite reflections on John is found in Donald Miller’s Searching for God Knows What.  In the book’s fourth chapter, Miller reflects on some of the biblical writers that he connects well with.  Here’s what he has to say about John:

The next guy I like is John the Evangelist. That’s what they called him back in the day. I like John because when he wrote his biographical essay about Jesus, he kept putting himself in the story; only he didn’t call himself John, he called himself the one whom Jesus loved. You figure if a guy gets tortured and beat up and thrown in prison, he might start wondering whether God loves him anymore, but John didn’t. And when John wrote his book he was always taking the camera to the outcasts, into the margins, showing how Jesus didn’t demonstrate any favoritism. He showed how Jewish leaders ridiculed Christ, and he was fearless in exposing the hypocrisy of the ones who led with their heads, not their hearts. At the end of his essay, he captured an amazing conversation between Jesus and Peter. Jesus keeps saying to Peter, “Do you love Me?” And Peter keeps saying, “Yes, yes I do; You know that I do,” but Jesus doesn’t believe Peter and keeps asking him the same question again and again. It is quite dramatic, really.

The way John writes about Jesus makes you feel like the sum of our faith is a kind of constant dialogue with Jesus about whether or not we love Him. I grew up believing a Christian didn’t have to love God or anybody else; he just had to believe some things and be willing to take a stand for the things he believed. John seemed to embrace the relational dynamic of our faith. And he did so in an honest tone, not putting a spin on anything. He revealed how none of the disciples truly understood Jesus and how they were all screwups, and he didn’t make himself look good, either; he just told it exactly as it was. That’s guts, if you ask me. And then, not unlike Paul, John closed his book with a lot of sentimental talk, very to the point but charged with meaning. He ended his book by telling the reader he was going to die. There were some people around back then who wondered if John was ever going to die because they had overheard Jesus say John would live forever, and because John got tortured and should have died early on, a lot of people assumed Jesus was saying John was going to live forever on earth.

This is beautiful and meaningful because John wrote his essay a long time after Christ had left so he was very old, probably nearly ninety years old, and this was back when communities loved old people. They didn’t put them in homes to watch television; they gathered around them because they represented a kind of gentle beauty and wisdom. This was back when you didn’t have to be all young and sexy just to be a person. And it makes you wonder if John sat and wrote that he was going to die knowing within a few days, a few weeks, a month of gentle good-byes, he was going to go home and leave all his friends, and he didn’t want any of them to be surprised or scared.

When you read the book you start realizing that people who were very close to John read this essay and got to the end and started crying because John was telling them he was going to leave,and then I’ll bet at his funeral everybody was standing around thinking about how John knew he was going to die and told them in his book. And I’ll bet they sat around that night at somebody’s house, and somebody who had a very good reading voice lit a candle, and they all lay on the floor and sat on pillows. The children sat quietly and the man with the voice read through the book, from beginning to end, and they thought together about Jesus as the man read John’s book, and when it came to the end where John says he is going to die, the person who was reading got choked up and started to cry. Somebody else, maybe John’s wife or one of his daughters, had to go over and read the end of it, and when she was finished they sat around for a long time and some of the people probably stayed the night so the house wouldn’t feel empty. It makes you want to live in a community like that when you think about the way things were when Jesus had touched people.

A community like that might sound far-fetched, but when you read through John’s other books, the short ones, all he talks about is if you know Jesus, you will love your brother and sister, and anybody who talked that much about loving your brother and sister was probably the most beloved person in their community, and when he died people would have felt a certain pain about it for a long, long time.

I’ve been a fan of that passage for over a decade, and it still resonates with me, a reminder of the nerve that Miller often struck so well with his readers.  Maybe, in that way, he had his own John-like moment.

(image from amazon.com, where you can also purchase the book: it’s under $4 for Kindle right now)

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Season’s Readings: 2018 Edition

the-spirit-of-christmasOne thing I’m trying to do a little more of as I get older is to establish some set “reading patterns” for different parts of the year.  Holidays are often geared that way, of course.  Then you work in classics like The Lord of the Rings or something from Lewis, and you have a nice rhythm of significant literature to reflect with at key moments in the year.

On Monday, I mentioned Fleming Rutledge’s Advent as a source of guidance for the weeks prior to Christmas.  Over the last few weeks, I’ve also been doing a slow read of W. H. Auden’s Christmas oratorio, For the Time Being.  The book is edited by Alan Jacobs, whose The Year of Our Lord 1943 included Auden as a key figure.  The poem is a good stretch for me.  I like some of the rhythms that Auden establishes with repeated words and phrases.  While I still lack to sections being done, “The Temptation of Joseph,” “The Summons,” and “At the Manger” have been particularly meaningful to me.  From the end of “At the Manger”:

O Living Love replacing phantasy,

O Joy of life revealed in Love’s creation;

Our Mood of longing turns to indication:

Space is Whom our loves are needed by,

Time is our choice of How to love and Why.

With Advent’s end, I’m also finally turning my attention to Chesterton’s The Spirit of Christmas, a collection of poems, stories, and essays that I ordered in November 2017 but that didn’t arrive until a good bit into 2018 (ah, ordering used books and getting them shipped to Hawaii!).  The book goes in a kind of chronological order, with some early works that predate Chesterton’s strong turn towards Catholicism.  Here’s the first poem in the collection, which I quite like:

Good news: but if you ask me what it is, I know not;

It is a track of feet in the snow,

It is a lantern showing a path,

It is a door set open.

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Advent Waiting, Christmas Celebrating

AdentAnd just like that the Advent season comes to an end.  It was a good and challenging Advent season for me.  We spent the weeks between Thanksgiving and exams thinking about Advent in chapel.  My guide through much of that time was Fleming Rutledge through her collection of sermons and essays titled Advent.  From the book’s introduction:

Of all the seasons of the church year, Advent most closely mirrors the daily lives of Christians and of the church, asks the most important ethical questions, presents the most accurate picture of the human condition, and above all, orients us to the future of the God who will come again.

“Advent calls for a life lived on the edge,” Rutledge asserts, primarily because it orients us to God’s intent for our future: the second coming of Jesus.  Yes, we remember His first arrival, His incarnation.  But we are, at this point in the story, called to be mindful about His pending return.

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The Daily Office readings for Advent have been a nice reminder of the waiting Jesus requires of us.  It’s been good to see the words of Jesus recorded by Luke as well as Paul’s thoughts on the Second Coming as found in his letters to the church in Thessalonica.  And then there has been the beautiful words of hope from the prophet Isaiah.  From this morning’s reading from Isaiah 35:

And a highway will be there;
     it will be called the Way of Holiness;
     it will be for those who walk on that Way.
The unclean will not journey on it;
     wicked fools will not go about on it.
No lion will be there,
     nor any ravenous beast;
     they will not be found there.
But only the redeemed will walk there,
     and those the Lord has rescued will return.
They will enter Zion with singing;
     everlasting joy will crown their heads.
Gladness and joy will overtake them,
     and sorrow and sighing will flee away.

A road that leads up now to the celebration of Christmas and all that has happened in our world as a result.

Ah, Advent’s waiting . . .

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The Thread of Imagination

In yesterday’s post I mentioned some words and phrases that I’d been mulling over a little bit but hoped to mull over more this holiday weekend.  I think I’d like to start with the thread of imagination.

World's Last NightSomewhere along the way, from some book I no longer remember, I learned that faith and imagination are intimately tied together.  And that’s not just the “artistic” idea of the imagination.  It’s something like Charles Taylor’s “social imaginary” idea: the way you perceive and sense the world to be, the way you understand it working or not.  As a Christian, my belief in things I cannot see, that have been passed down by those who saw and heard and touched, that have been confirmed in odd but comforting ways in my own experience, requires a constant act of imagination, to believe things are a particular way even when there can be little or no evidence for it in the moment.

The Bible, of course, trains us in seeing the world by faith, gives us the stars and constellations, locations and the map, to serve as the framework for living from this life to the next.  The church is supposed to help hold this vision together for us, to make it visible in ways no other place or people can.  Even still, things like instrumentalization tend to get in the way of some of that vital vision-casting.

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This next week in chapel we’re starting our “Advent” series.  Sure, it’s a week early, but that’s okay (as we end the semester before Advent’s end).  Tonight at dinner I reread C. S. Lewis’s “The World’s Last Night” as a way of getting a layer or two added to my thinking.  I actually think of the essay often, particularly what it says about the role of apocalyptic literature in 1st century Judaism and early Christianity.  The return of Jesus, which is often the focus of the first half of Advent, is a significant Christian belief that should shape our imagination.  It’s also a belief that we don’t quite know what to do with at times, that Lewis correctly notes that we too easily write off as the product of an unnecessarily apocalyptic kind of literature specific to that particular time.  Then Lewis asserts:

our Lord’s production of something like the other apocalyptic documents would not necessarily result from His supposed bondage to the errors of his period, but would be the Divine exploitation of a sound element in contemporary Judaism: nay, the time and place in which it pleased Him to be incarnate would, presumably, have been chosen because, there and then, that element existed, and had, by His eternal providence, been developed for that very purpose.

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I want my mind and heart to be shaped by the stories and words of the Bible, so many of the images that get caught up in John’s Revelation when the Story comes to an end.  And then I want to live out of that imagination, knowing that it is rooted in a True Story deeper than that which is so easily seen.

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Unbusy: Non-Stop to Nothing

Contemplative PastorThese last few weeks have been a reminder of the frustration that comes with being busier than you ever intended to be.  In the midst of it all came news of the death of Eugene Peterson, who has probably shaped more of my understanding of church work than anyone else (he gives hands and feet to things that you get a sense of from thinkers like Nouwen or Bonhoeffer).  One of Peterson’s best short pieces (and there are many) is “The Unbusy Pastor,” which I read in The Contemplative Pastor and which started making the rounds again online in the wake of Peterson’s passing.  It’s a convicting piece that I’d thought I’d gloss on some over the next few days.

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“The Unbusy Pastor” begins with a declarative worth thinking on often: I refuse to give my attention to someone who encourages what is worst in me.  Here Peterson is talking about an imaginary piece of mail, but the sentiment is strong.  The mail would be addressed “to the busy pastor,” something that Peterson sees as an oxymoron.  He asserts that pastors (and I would argue extending that to anyone who works with people in broader strokes) often find themselves busy because they are either vain (Peterson: I want to appear important. Significant.  What better way than to be busy?)  or lazy (I let people who do not understand the work of a pastor write the agenda for my day’s work because I am too slipshod to write it myself).  That’s a sobering assertion, one that does it’s job even if you don’t feel all that vain or lazy.  And then, before he gets to the heart of the essay, Peterson poses the question of great significance:

How can I lead people into the quiet place beside still waters if I am in perpetual motion?

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One of the things I appreciated most about Peterson was his acknowledgment of “spirituality” as something vital to the Christian faith, particularly from a contemplative disposition.  His kind of “spiritual theology” is the thing that should complete the church’s program and parish life . . . but is all too often stunted or non-existent in any kind of mature practice.

That’s something I’ve felt the effects of for a long time.  People like Peterson and Nouwen and Tozer and Crabb have kept the flame going, even as a flicker.  But the more I’m around institutional Christianity, the more I get the sense that “the quiet place beside still waters” doesn’t matter all that much to the church at large.  At most, you get a sense of it in quiet time language (or in those who hold the church liturgy to be somehow “spirited”).  But as Peterson continues to consider what it means to be “unbusy,” you get a real sense of something deeper, necessary, and too often absent from the Christian life (something like Tozer’s assertion that we demand the fruit without tending to the root of the Christian life).

This semester has been very “non-stop or nothing” for me: either it’s go-go-go or it’s this weird absence of both activity and the presence of others.  That should be ripe ground for good devotional time, a real shaping of the spirit by the Spirit.  And sometimes that has been the case.  But there’s also a kind of “spiritual whiplash” that such an experience has led to that makes the secret and quiet place less meaningful, especially when the go-go-go is particularly Christian (both in who it is for and who it is supposedly with).  It hasn’t been a particularly fun place to be for me.  Plus, it’s a place that is difficult to articulate because maybe, just maybe, we’ve lost the language and the interpersonal framework for it.  Reading Peterson reminds me how “do or die” all of this is, and how all this doing can lead to the wrong kind of dying.

Tomorrow: “Deepening conversation . . . Disciplined detachment.”

Also, you can read “The Unbusy Pastor” in its entirety here.  Definitely worth the read.

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Song for Another Leg of the Journey

A wonderful presentation of a classic song for the long road.

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Beyond Hot, Stinky Cat Dooky

There were two scenes in last week’s episode of The Good Place that were both hilarious and pertinent to some of the things that I cover in my upper level classes.  The first was “Jeremy Bearimy,” which NBC released as a clip last week.  They just released the second clip, which I am titling “Hot, Stinky Cat Dooky” or “a major overview of ethics in one scene.”  Poor Chidi.  Definitely a scene worth showing in class in the future.

As always, totally looking forward to where the characters in the show go next.  ‘Soul Squad,’ indeed.

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Closer to the Passage

The folks at FOX just released a new trailer for the January-dropping, small-screen rendition of Justin Cronin’s The Passage.  The big question in my head, as a fan of the trilogy, is how in the world they can translate the entirety of the story to serialized television.  Could they do three distinct seasons, one for each of the books in the series?  Or will they do their best to make a series centered on The Passage without taking the leaps that the total series embraces?  Perhaps.  Either way, this trailer looks good.  Really good.

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