Nostalgia and Our Fractured Republic

fracturedIf there’s a book out this summer that’s worth your time and money, it’s Yuval Levin’s The Fractured Republic.  I read it a few weeks ago and have been mulling over it ever since. In the book, Levin draws a picture of how 20th century America became 21st century America.  In doing so, he points out that the thing most political leaders in the 21st century want to do is go back in time, to realign our common life with some particular moment from decades ago.  From the introduction:

… in our time, in particular, our politics is overwhelmed by an usually intense and often debilitating frustration that is rooted in a form of that illusion [that getting back to a good place in national life is that easy], but runs deeper.  Liberals and conservatives both frequently insist not only that the path to the America of their (somewhat different) dreams is easy to see, but also that our country was once on that very path and has been thrown off course by the foolishness or wickedness of those on the other side of the aisle.  Liberals look back to the postwar golden age of midcentury America, which they believe embodied the formula for cultural liberalization amid economic security and progress until some market fanatics threw it all away.  Conservatives look fondly to the late-century book of the Reagan era, which they say rescued the country from economic malaise while recapturing some of the magic of the confident, united America of that earlier midcentury golden age, but was abandoned by misguided statists.

Each side wants desperately to recover its lost ideal, believes the bulk of the country does, too, and is endlessly frustrated by the political resistance that holds it back.  The broader public, meanwhile, finds in the resulting political debates little evidence of real engagement with contemporary problems and few attractive solutions.  In the absence of relief from their own resulting frustration, a growing number of voters opt for leaders who simply embody or articulate that frustration.

Over the next few days I’m going to write through a few of Levin’s major points.  Some of what he sees and says seems to be true for other, smaller organizations and communities, only writ large.  Even individuals can find themselves trapped, frozen in time, by a certain nostalgia.  Nostalgia has its place, of course.  But it cannot be something that keeps you from being faithful and effective in the current moment.  As Levin suggests:

To learn from nostalgia, we must let it guide us not merely toward “the way we were,” but toward just what was good about what we miss, and why.

That, I believe, is thinking in the right direction.

You can read a review of the book by James K. A. Smith here.

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Pocket Monster Round-Up

pokemon-go-catchThe stakes aren’t all that high for me with the recent release of Pokemon Go as a mobile app.  It’s at least two generations removed from what was important to my childhood (I draw the first line at the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, but that’s a conversation for another time).  App-wise, I’m already a few trendy app-releases behind to have much interest in it (that first line got drawn at Snap Chat).  But I get the excitability of the app.  Even last night a (younger) friend asked if I had downloaded the game because he thought I’d be good at it considering my approach to transportation.  And while one should never say never . . .

It’s been interesting to watch the cultural gatekeepers of the fourth estate try and make sense of the fad.  Lots of humor about it, which is good.  McSweeney’s got into it with this mash-up of the game and Anthony Bourdain.  They also posted something of biting satirical piece with this “memo from the CIA” concerning the release of the game at this particular moment in history.  The folks over at Vox have a running list of articles about the topic.  You’ve got a look at the possibility of the game’s origin being rooted in Japanese bug collecting.  You’ve also got an article giving a rundown of the awkward and inappropriate places that those little pocket monsters keep popping up (think the National Holocaust Museum and Arlington Cemetery).

Two particular articles caught my attention yesterday (thanks to Twitter).  The first has to do with the economics of the game, particularly its place in the trend towards financial growth of disembodied businesses.  Consider:

But the Pokémon Go economy also has some real downsides. One has to do with regional inequality. Nintendo and its partners are rumored to be earning more than $1 million per day from Pokémon Go. That money is flowing away from small and medium cities and toward big technology companies concentrated in big cities.

And obviously Pokémon Go isn’t the only example of this. Amazon is doing something similar in the retail industry, diverting business away from local retailers and sucking cash into its corporate headquarters in Seattle. Companies like Google, Facebook, and Vox Media are drawing ad dollars that previously went to local newspapers and television stations.

and

But the Pokémon Go economy is different. Nintendo and its partners obviously needed to invest some cash in hiring programmers and designers to build the game. But the sums involved here are tiny compared with the cost of building a new car assembly line. And Pokémon Go seems unlikely to produce very many opportunities for complementary local businesses. People play on their smartphones, so there’s no need for Pokémon cyber cafes. Smartphones are too cheap for smartphone repair shops to be a good business.

The comforting thing is that this is just the next extension in the way the world works in the 21st century.  And there are those that are suggesting that truly creative/entrepreneurial types are finding ways to profit from the manic moment.  This short article from The Ringer points to those making money driving (younger) players around (slowly) to maximize both safety and gameplay.

The second Vox article is the one that I find most interesting.  The article starts by briefly discussing the importance of talking about the game, kids-game that it might be.  From the article:

The backlash to Pokémon Go coverage is understandable. How can it be worth expending all this energy on some video game? But Pokémon Go isn’t really a game. It’s a new technology.

Venture capitalist Chris Dixon has a line I like. “The next big thing will start out looking like a toy,” he says. Welp, Pokémon Go looks like a toy. Hell, it is a toy. But it’s also the first widespread, massive use case for augmented reality — even though it’s operating on smartphones that aren’t designed for AR. So what’s going to happen as the hardware improves, the software improves, and the architects learn to use these more immersive environments to addict us more fully?

The author paints a kind of bleak picture, which is both unfortunate and helpful.  His concern is the ascendance of augmented reality, which amounts to another way for people to check our from what is most real.

Augmented reality begins with Pokémon. It begins as a toy. But it won’t remain a toy. It’s going to become an industry, a constant, a coping mechanism, a way of life. It will change how we spend our time, how we compete for status, how we interact with our loved ones. It will change the behaviors we think of as normal — already we’re seeing Pokémon Go run into racism; it won’t be long until AR cuts across other fault lines in our society.

Technology is about to change how we live once again. That’s why Pokémon Go needs to be covered.

You can read the whole article here.

The last few weeks have reminded me that life and culture can still throw some unexpected curveballs.  Who knew a game app could be one of them?

(image from bgr.com)

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What You Find When You Look

thumb_IMG_0478_1024Try as we might to make it otherwise, place matters.  At our best, we are people rooted in place and time in a way that makes us mindful of the good and bad of our moment.  This is less and less true, I think, particularly as each unique place looks more and more like every other formerly unique place (thus: wherever you go, there you are).  I often feel it when I travel, primed for it by a strong hometown and home state culture, reinforced by living in a state with a strong sense of its historic culture (and the struggle to maintain that culture against the forces of contemporary life).

Writer and editor Matthew Schmitz (of First Things) recounts a recent trip to England in his article titled “An Accidental Pilgrimage.”  In the article, Schmitz recounts how he found hints of his Christian (and particularly Catholic) faith in a culture many consider post-Christian.  The article hits high stride at the end, where he brings his experience in England to bear on what he perceives to be a particularly American approach to faith.

Flannery O’Connor described the American South as “Christ-haunted”. We Americans are proud of this observation, believing it indicates our nearness to God. We do not realise that one cannot draw close to a ghost. For an American, it seems more natural that Christ be accepted into one’s heart than that he be placed on one’s tongue. Rather than encounter him through sacrament and stone, we go searching for him in the vicissitudes of emotion or the obscurities of philology. What we find is a disembodied Christ, whether he is reconstructed by fundamentalist preachers on revivalist lines or by historical-critical scholars on liberal-humanist ones. Only in such a country could Jesus seem a mere spirit.

In England, Christ is no wisp or symbol, but an incarnate Lord, a king who once held the nation under his sway. He is bodied forth everywhere in ancient churches and sites of pilgrimage. These sites speak the truth of the Incarnation: Christ took on flesh, and so assumed definite physical limits. He founded a Church visible in history that has definite limits as well. There is no danger of collapsing the Second Person of the Trinity into the Third. Christ’s Church is his body, and even where the Church has been turned to ruin, we recognise him, for we know that his body was wounded.

Is he a bit harsh?  Perhaps.  But I get the sense of what he’s going for. It’s worth reflecting on, worth thinking about what our approach to our faith might (or might not) leave behind in material evidence.

You can read the rest of the article here.

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Cinematic Comedy This Century

The folks at the A. V. Club recently put together a “top 50 best comedies since 2000” list.  Like most lists, its an interesting read, particularly if it helps you see how your own tastes have changed over time.  It’s also interesting to be reminded of the places you’ve lived over the course of time the list deals with.  Some thoughts:

JosieI think it’s great that Josie and the Pussycats wound up at #48 on the list.  It’s a much better movie than audiences gave it credit for.  It harkens back to the days of The Matrix, Fight Club, and Memento for me, particularly in its subversiveness, which the A. V. Club list points out.  Still, I’m not sure how ha-ha funny it actually is.  It embraces and subverts “everything Archie” quite nicely, really.

The remake of Ocean’s Eleven comes in at #41.  I prefer Ocean’s Twelve, myself.  Julia Roberts gets the best moment in that one.

One of my all-time favorite movies, I ♥ Huckabees, comes in at #38.  It’s one of the first movies that I loved while living in Hawaii.  What a wonderfully odd philosophical journey that Jason Schwartzman’s character goes through.  Like the article mentions, it’s the last “odd” movie by David O. Russell (recently of Joy).  This is one of those movies that I liked so much that I bought the (special edition) soundtrack.  “How am I not myself?” indeed.

Punch-Drunk Love comes in at #33.  That might have been my first Adam Sandler movie.  Saw it in Fort Worth and loved it.  It’s a sad kind of funny.  Kind of like The Mexican, which  sadly, did not make the list.  The beautifully biting Young Adult comes in at #30.  I was surprised at how dark the movie went and that I went along with it.  Ghost World, which is ranked at #26 that feels like an artifact from a million years ago.  I saw it because it was a comic book adaptation (that I had not and have not read).

vampiresOne of my favorite movies of the last five years, What We Do in the Shadows, is ranked at #26.  From New Zealand, the story follows four vampires trying to make their way in 21st century Wellington.  It’s told as a documentary that centers around an upcoming annual gathering of the creatures of the night.  All of the vampire mythology is on display (like mind control and entry issues) to great effect.  Even now, I crack up a but just thinking about the adventures of Viago and friends.  The movie’s creator is starting work on the third Thor movie.  After that, we’re supposed to get a look into the world of werewolves.

Hard to believe that one of the movies from earlier this summer made it to #19 on the A. V. Club list.  I was one of the only people laughing throughout the viewing of The Lobster that I caught at Dole.  It’s a great, if not utterly fantastic, look at a culture that ask but deifies marriage (to the detriment of singletons).  Don’t get me wrong: the movie is tragic on almost every level.  It’s not one I’ll be showing around anytime soon.  But it’s one that sticks with you long after the screen frustratingly cuts to black.

shaunIt was pretty cool seeing all of Edgar Wright’s work on the list (and quite high up, really).  Scott Pilgrim Vs. the World, the one movie sans Simon Pegg, was ranked at #9.  I remember seeing that one at Dole and my group of friends being divided straight down the middle in terms of how great (or horrible) the movie was.  Wright’s “Cornetto’s Trilogy” showed up scattered through the fifty: The World’s End at #31, Hot Fuzz at #13, and Shaun of the Dead at #5.  Having just watched it again recently, I can say that Shaun of the Dead holds up really well, both as a zombie movie and as a comedy.  I really like Wright’s sensibility with the screen and with creative ways of storytelling (cuts and repetitions can work wonders with a story).  After rematching Shaun, I revisited both seasons of Spaced, which are a great look at early Wright.

Lots of great movies on the list.  Lots that I haven’t seen.  A few that I’ve tried to watch but couldn’t quite get into.  A few movies that you might think would make the list but didn’t (Just Friends?).  I do wonder if they’ll get around to giving the same treatment to animated movies.  I just saw The Secret Lives of Pets, and it was pretty funny.  It would be interesting to see how various studios (Pixar included) mix together when viewed through the lens of comedy.

If you haven’t already, you can check out the A. V. Club’s comedy list here.

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Once More with Affection

kitchenWendell Berry’s case for affection is an interesting and potent one, especially in light of a contemporary culture that seems content on consuming itself.  And because of its limited use, affection could be a term that helps reinvigorate something vital about life today.  He finds a strong presence of affection in E. M. Forster’s Howard’s End.  In it he gets the sense that

Knowledge without affection leads us astray every time. Affection leads, by way of good work, to authentic hope.

And affection, it seems, is ultimately rooted in the something like the household.  Berry takes a decidedly (James K. A.) Smithian approach to thinking about affection and “housekeeping” when he names something vital to “life in Howard’s End.”  Smith would talk of our daily, consistent practices as “habitations of the Spirit.”  Berry’s take:

The great reassurance of Forster’s novel is the wholeheartedness of his language. It is to begin with a language not disturbed by mystery, by things unseen. But Forster’s interest throughout is in soul-sustaining habitations: houses, households, earthly places where lives can be made and loved. In defense of such dwellings he uses, without irony or apology, the vocabulary that I have depended on in this talk: truth, nature, imagination, affection, love, hope, beauty, joy. Those words are hard to keep still within definitions; they make the dictionary hum like a beehive. But in such words, in their resonance within their histories and in their associations with one another, we find our indispensable humanity, without which we are lost and in danger.

“Soul-sustaining habitations,” he says, “places where lives can be made and loved.”  It’s a nice thought, and a true one, too.  Perhaps not for all of us, and perhaps not all of the time.  But some of us, I cannot help but believe, have a strong sense of what he’s talking about, either in the homes of our childhood or of our homes today.  I’d argue that you could extend the range of the concept to churches and schools and parks and any place frequented by those with soul enough for it.

In “It All Turns on Affection,” Berry speaks of the significance one the place of affection against the dominant mega- company, farm, culture.  It’s an argument that scales both down and up, I believe.  Affection reminds us to be mindful of any system that does not find some healthy root in the personal.

In the end, Berry gives us a good list of watchwords: truth, nature, imagination, affection, love, hope, beauty, joy.  They may be used often in our culture, but I cannot help but think that Berry views them differently.

(image from simpleandsereneliving.com)

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Epistemological Humility

Mountains-625882Throughout his lecture on life in light of affection, Berry attempts to remind us of the significance of the local and the personal.  Certain kinds of knowledge, certain kinds of ways of life, are ultimately antithetical to “the good life.”  For Berry, that good life is tied to a right relationship with the land (and those who share the land with him).  It’s a healthy localism, I think.

I’ve been going back through Yuval Levin’s The Fractured Republic, and a good portion of it rings true with Berry’s thoughts.  Levin’s approach to healthy conservatism sounds a lot like what Berry says about human knowledge and humility.  From Berry:

In my reading of the historian John Lukacs, I have been most instructed by his understanding that there is no knowledge but human knowledge, that we are therefore inescapably central to our own consciousness, and that this is “a statement not of arrogance but of humility. It is yet another recognition of the inevitable limitations of mankind.”  We are thus isolated within our uniquely human boundaries, which we certainly cannot transcend or escape by means of technological devices.

But as I understand this dilemma, we are not completely isolated. Though we cannot by our own powers escape our limits, we are subject to correction from, so to speak, the outside. I can hardly expect everybody to believe, as I do (with due caution), that inspiration can come from the outside. But inspiration is not the only way the human enclosure can be penetrated. Nature too may break in upon us, sometimes to our delight, sometimes to our dismay.

I don’t think he’s overly anthropomorphizing nature here (or in any of his thinking).  I think he sees an intrinsic cause-and-effect relationship between man and nature.  Nature has things to teach us: if we do not learn with humility, we will have to learn the hard way.

We cannot know the whole truth, which belongs to God alone, but our task nevertheless is to seek to know what is true. And if we offend gravely enough against what we know to be true, as by failing badly enough to deal affectionately and responsibly with our land and our neighbors, truth will retaliate with ugliness, poverty, and disease. The crisis of this line of thought is the realization that we are at once limited and unendingly responsible for what we know and do.

(image from express.co.uk)

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Change the Game with One Move

I’ve gotten into the habit of posting some of Jeff Winger’s “greatest hits” from the now-defunct show Community. Here’s his big speech from the end of season three (what could’ve been the last one from the original show runner).  A number of plot lines come together in the moment: Pierce’s lawsuit against Shirley, Troy’s investigation into wrong-doing in the air conditioner repair school, and Abed’s struggle against/with “the darkest timeline.”  All woven together to a conclusion in Winger’s courtroom speech.

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Two Kinds of Knowledge

StatisticsAbstraction is a powerful thing.  It works in favor of whoever can wield it, really.  Wendell Berry knows this, particularly when it comes to how we see the places around us (just as much as the people, really).  In his reflection on affection, Berry asserts that our abstraction of knowledge has contributed a great deal to what we prioritize as important.  He starts with economy and works in from there.

That we live now in an economy that is not sustainable is not the fault only of a few mongers of power and heavy equipment. We all are implicated. We all, in the course of our daily economic life, consent to it, whether or not we approve of it. This is because of the increasing abstraction and unconsciousness of our connection to our economic sources in the land, the land-communities, and the land-use economies. In my region and within my memory, for example, human life has become less creaturely and more engineered, less familiar and more remote from local places, pleasures, and associations. Our knowledge, in short, has become increasingly statistical.

Statistical knowledge once was rare. It was a property of the minds of great rulers, conquerors, and generals, people who succeeded or failed by the manipulation of large quantities that remained, to them, unimagined because unimaginable: merely accountable quantities of land, treasure, people, soldiers, and workers. This is the sort of knowledge we now call “data” or “facts” or “information.” Or we call it “objective knowledge,” supposedly untainted by personal attachment, but nonetheless available for industrial and commercial exploitation. By means of such knowledge a category assumes dominion over its parts or members. With the coming of industrialism, the great industrialists, like kings and conquerors, become exploiters of statistical knowledge. And finally virtually all of us, in order to participate and survive in their system, have had to agree to their substitution of statistical knowledge for personal knowledge. Virtually all of us now share with the most powerful industrialists their remoteness from actual experience of the actual world. Like them, we participate in an absentee economy, which makes us effectively absent even from our own dwelling places. Though most of us have little wealth and perhaps no power, we consumer–citizens are more like James B. Duke than we are like my grandfather. By economic proxies thoughtlessly given, by thoughtless consumption of goods ignorantly purchased, now we all are boomers.

Personal knowledge and statistical knowledge.  The latter abstracts and distances us.  The former helps us truly the understand the world on both sides of the window.

(Berry’s use of the term boomer at the end of the excerpt relates to those who care for location only insomuch as they can strip it of its value before moving on to the next location.  Nothing to do with boomers and busters.)

(image from onyxacademy.org)

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Skywalking It

My travel day started by traveling into (not out of) a flash flood/thunderstorm situation.  Pretty harrowing for 4:00 in the morning.  And thanks to the weather, the two-hour layover that I had at LAX became a fifteen minute sprint from one terminal to another to make my connection.

This clip kind of reminds me of the way the day worked itself out . . .

Thankful for the time spent in Tennessee.  Glad to be done with travel for a while.

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June Bugs in July

Time in Tennessee has ended with an afternoon storm and an evening without electricity.   At least there are candles and lightning bugs (but not enough for an Owl City lyric).


Hopefully back to reflecting on Wendell Berry tomorrow.

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